Dynamo-electric machine.



E. D. PRIEST.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.I8,1912.

1,222,464. Patented Apr., 10, 1917.

l V/tn ess es: Inventor- EdWar-cl D. Priest,

bflg' Hisq ttorneg.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE. 1

EDWARD D. PRIEST, OF SCHENEC'I'ADY, NEW-YORK, ASSIGNOR TOGENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented A t. 10,1917.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD D. PRIEST, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State 1 of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to dynamo electric machines of the inclosed type, such for example as railway motors, and has for its object to provide an improved ventilating arrangement for such machines, whereby all portions of the machine are efiiciently cooled.

To this end, my invention consists. in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

For a better understanding of my invention and the various advantages possessed by it,'reference may be had to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which the single I figure is a longitudinal cross section of arailway motor embodying my invention.

In the particular motor construction shown in the drawing, the inc'losing casing 1 of the motor forms part of the field magnet circuit and has field poles 2 mounted therein in any well known manner, these field poles being surrounded by suitable ,field windings 3. A shaft 4 is journaled in bearings in the casing 1 and has mounted thereon an armature 5 provided with a commutator 6 which together constitute the rotating element of the motor. The armature, I construct of laminations which are closely pressed together without any radial ventilating spaces between -thesame, and for ventilating the motor I provide air passages 9 and 10 extending longitudinally through the armature laminations and the commutator structure and I provide the casing with inlet and outlet openings -11 and 12, both at I the same end of the motor, the outlet opening being separated from the inlet opening by suitable means such as a diaphragm or flange 13 which projects from the motor casing into close proximity with a corresponding member or flange 7' carried by the armature shaft. By means of a suitable fan I cause the air for cooling the motor to enter the casing through the inlet opening,

and to flow in a single stream both through the armature and commutator structure and over the surfaces thereof and around the field windings and to be discharged through the outlet opening. In the particular arrangement shown the air for cooling the dynamo electric machine enters the casing adjacent the field windings so that it flows first around the field windings and over the surfaces of the armature and commutator from whence it passes through the air passages extending longitudinally through the armature laminations and commutator structure and out at the discharge openings. For forcing the ventilating air through the motor I prefer to employ a fan of theexhaust type located at the end of the armature away from the commutator and between the outlet opening and the air passages through the armature laminations and the commutator structure, and y when thus located, I may construct the fan mem-. her by providing vanes 7 on an end head 7 which supports the armature windings 8 commutator shell 9' between the sleeve by which the commutator shell is supported on. the armature shaft and the outer surface of the shell on which the commutator segments are mounted, but the air passages for ventilating the armature are formed'in the body of the armature laminations so as to bring the cooling air intothe ,most eifective relation to the armature structure.

One great advantage of my improved ven- ,dynamo electric machine are efi'ectively cooled by a current of air drawn from out side of the; motor, which in its circulation passes in a single stream both over and through the rotating parts of the machine and also over the field windings. As explained above, the current of air is drawn from outside the motor over the field windings, over the exterior surfaces of the armature and commutator and is discharged through the air duct which passes under the commutator and the end windings at the commutator end, through the core of the armature, and under the end windings at the end away from the commutator. My improved ventilating arrangement does not require any radial ducts in the armature core, and therefore makes it possible to use a very solid core construction. Moreover the circulation of air both over and under the armature along its whole length efi'ectively cools every portion of it and avoids any possibility of hot spots in the windings.

The air from outside is taken through a simple opening in the motor frame or through a short pipe 14 extending a little beyond the side frame of the truckon which the motor is mounted. As shown, the pipe 14 may be provided with an air filter 15.

The casing 1 comprises a field magnet frame to which the field poles 2 are bolted, and removable end frames 16 and 17, which contain the bearings in which the armature shaft 4 is journaled. The outlet opening or Openings 12 are formed in the end frame 17 and the flange 13 which separates the outlet opening from the inlet opening is preferably carried by this end frame so that it is removed therewith. The bearing in the end frame 16 is provided with a shield 18 to prevent lubricant from being withdrawn from the bearing. This shield \is bent away from the commutator and consequently the velocity of the air passing the outwardly extendingend's of the shield is less than the ing it will be thrown off of the shield 18 by its rotation against the flange or ring 18 on the end frame 16 and will then find its way to the bottom of the motorcasing.

11 have shown the armature laminations as punched out so that they fit snugly upon the shaft 4. When the armature isassembled on the shaft, the end head 7 abuts against a shoulder 19 on the shaft, and the laminations areheld between the end head 7 and'the' end head 20. Thecommutator shell 9 abuts against the end of the end head 2O near the shaft. The outer portion of the end head20 overlaps the outer portion of the commutator shell, thus making a jointthrough which air meats.

and dirt can not be drawn, and which also centers the commutator shell. The shell 9 is engaged by a nut 21 screw threaded upon the armature shaft, so that upon turning this nut, the armature is tightly clamped between it and the shoulder 19. lln order to remove the armature from the shaft without disarranging its parts, such as the connections of the armature winding to the commutator, 1 have shown the end head 7 provided with screw threaded sockets 22 and the end head 20 with sockets 23 so that suitable fastening means, such as bolts, may be inserted through the ventilating passages 9, the sockets 23, the ventilating passages 10 into the sockets 22, to temporarily clamp the parts together independently of the shaft. The shaft may then-be forced out leaving the armature and commutator rigidly connected together. The connection between theheads of the bolts and the commutator shell may be efi'ected in any suitable way, such as by means of an auxiliary end head, as described in my prior patent for dynamo electric machines, No. 918,594, dated April 20, 1909.

What 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is 1- 1. ln a dynamo electric machine, an inclosing casing provided with inlet and outlet openings therein at one end only, and with means for separating said openings, a field magnet provided with field windings, a shaft having bearings in. said casing, an armature mounted on said shaft and provided with a commutator structure at one end, said armature and commutator structure having longitudinally extending air passages therethrough, and a fan member at the end of said armature away from said commutator structure and arranged to draw air into said dynamo electric machine through said inlet opening, over'the field windings, over the exterior surfaces of the armature and commutator, through the longitudinally extending passages in the commutator structure and armature, and to exhaust the air out through said outlet opening.

2. In a dynamo electric machine, an inclosing casing provided with inlet and outlet openings therein at one end only, and with means for separating said openings, a field magnet provided with field windings, a shaft having bearings in said casing, an armature mounted on said shaft and provided with a commutator structure, said armature arid commutator structure having longitudinal air passages extending there 1 through, and an end head at the end of saidtrifugal blower .to draw air into saiddynamo electric machine through the inlet opening, over the fieldwindings, over the exterior surfaces of the armature and comin the commutator structure andtarmature,

. and to exhaust the air, out through said outlet openingl 3. In a dynamo electric machine, an inclosing casing provided with inlet and outlet openings therein at one end" only and with a diaphragm fof' separating said openings, a field magnet provided-with field windings, a shaft having bearings in said casing, an armature mounted on said shaft provided with a commutator'structure at one end, said armature and commutator structurehaving longitudinally extending air passages therethrough, and a fan member at the end of said armature away from said commutator structure and arranged to draw air into said dynamo electric machine through said inlet opening, over the field windings, over theexterior surfaces of the armature and commutator, through the longitudinally extending passages in the commutator structure and armature, and to exhaust the air out through said outlet opening.

4;. In a dynamo electric machine, an inclosing casing provided with'separate inlet and outlet openings therein at 'one end, a

field magnet provided with field windings,

a shaft having bearings in said casing, an-

armature mounted on said shaft provided with longitudinal air passages extending through the laminations thereof, a commutator structure at one end of said armature having air passages extending longitudinally therethrough and forming with the passages through the armature laminations a continuous air duct, a fan member arranged to draw air into said dynamo electric machine through said inlet opening, over the field windings, over the exterior surface of the armature and'commutator, through said air duct and to discharge the air through said outlet opening, and means for separating said outlet opening from the inlet opening.

5. In a dynamo electric machine, an inclosing casing provided with separate inlet and outlet openings therein atone end, a field magnet provided with field windings,

a shaft havingbearings in said casing, an armature mounted onsaid shaft provided with longitudinal air passages extending through the laminations thereof, a commutator structure at one end of said armature having air passages extending longitudinally therethrough and forming wlth the passages through the armature laminations a-conti'nu ous a1r duct, an exhaust fan located between said air duct and the outlet opening, and a flange on said casing cooperating with a member carried by said shaft to separate said outlet opening from the inlet opening.

6. In a dynamo electric machine, an inclosingcasing comprising a fieldmagnet frame and removable end frames, one of which is provided with an outlet opening, a shaft having bearings in said end frames, an

armature mounted on said shaft having longitudinal air passages extending through the laminations thereof, a commutator structure at one end of said armature having longitudinal passages extending therethrough and communicating withthe passages in said armature to.- form a continuous duct therethrough, windings for the field magnet and the armature, an exhaustffan having its intake chamber connected with said air duct and discharging through the outlet opening,

member mounted on the armature shaft to I separate said outlet opening from said inlet opening. Y

7. In a dynamo-electric machine, an inclosing casing provided with separate inlet and outlet openings therein at one end, a field magnet provided with field windings, a shaft having bearings in said casing, an armature mounted'on said shaft provided with longitudinal air passages extending through the laminations thereof, a commutator structure at one end of said armature havin air passages extending longitudinally theret rough and forming with the passages through the armature laminations a continuous air duct, an exhaust fan having its intake chamber connected with said 'air' dut at the end of the armature away from the commutator and means interposed between said inlet and outlet openings for causing air to be drawn in through said inlet opening by the operation of said fan and to flow'in a single stream both through said armature and commutator structure and over the sur in at the same end of the motor as said open-' ing in said end frame, a shaft having bearings in said end frames, an armature mounted on said shaft having longitudinal air passages extending through the laminations thereof, a commutator structure at one end of said armature having longitudinal p assages extending therethrough and communieating with the passages in said armature to form a continuous duct therethrough, windings for the field magnet and the armature, an. exhaust fan havin its intake chamber connected with said air duct, and a flange carried by the end frame which has an opening therein for causing air to be drawn In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set throng? onei 0% said; Epening s by the operzltmy hand this 16th day of January, 1912. tion 0 sai an an to 0W in a, sin e stream both through said armature and. coin- EDWARD PRIEST mutator and over the surfaces thereof and Witnesses:

around the field windings and to be dis- BENJAMIN B. HULL,

charged through the other of said openings. 7 HELEN ORFORD. 

